Lumbar osteohondrose is a degenerative and dystrophic disease of the lumbar spine.Development development, interviolent discs suffer the most, the damage also extends to the surfaces of the joints, ligaments, vertebral.
The share of osteochondrose of the spinal column is 80% of all peripheral nervous system diseases.In 60-80% of cases, this is lumbar osteochondrosis.At least 7 out of 10 people perceive regular lower back pain during their life.For the exigh times, the average is 3 to 16 days a year.But the disease can also be treated to maintain a quality life and health of the muscle-bone system.We will tell you why this disease is developing, how it is manifested, and what should be the treatment of osteochondrose of the lumbar spine.
What is osteochondrosis
Osteochondrosis is a chronic spine accompanied by changing the structure (destruction) and reducing the volume (distrophy) of intervertebral discs.They start holding up in the spinal cord and squeezed blood vessels.In addition, the disease is characterized by destroying the arched joints between the vertebraelpic scholar processes.
Osteophytes are formed with osteochondrosis.This is the name of pathological growth, which are due to marginal growth of bones.Facilitates calcium metabolism violation in vertebrates and high loads that cause their deformation.
Attention!Lumbars osteochondrosis is characterized by all pathological processes inherent in osteochondrose in general.But they affect only a lumbar spinal column, which includes 5 vertebrates.
Reasons for the development and risk factors
To understand the causes of the osteochondrose of the lumbar region, you need to know the structure of your spine.It is a column composed of vertebrae, which are connected to one other intervertebral discs and ligaments.The holes within them form a hollow channel.Inside is the spinal cord, whose roots are exiting between each pair of vertebrae.
When a person leans up, the spine folds.In the area of the flap, interverebral disks are compacted, and their core was displaced.This reduces the pressure on the spinal column during the load.Thus, the intervertebral disk is a biological shock absorber.When it stops performing a shock function - the osseoohondrosis is developed.
The following factors predisposed to the development of pathology:
- Sitting or too hard work.In the sitting position, the corset muscles are relaxed, which increases the load on the spine.The heavy lift leads to this.
- Hypodynamia.In people who lead the sedentary lifestyle, the muscle corset does not develop strongly enough to hold your spine in the correct position.
- Excess body weight.Pressure for excess weight on the spine column and overload it.
- Endocrine diseases.Hormones affect metabolism, including within-national.Hormonal imbalance can lead to calcium metabolism violation.
- Incorrect nutrition.Insufficient intake of vitamins, minerals and protein interferes with your spine nutrition and leads to changes in its tissues.
- A pathology of a muscle-bone system.Osteochondrosis can occur on the background of straight feet, injury and curvature of the spinal column.
- Genetic predisposition.The risk of osteochondrose development increases if it has close relatives.
- Age - modified changes.With age, elasticity and mobility of reducing spine.
The men is osteochondrose of the lumbar spine more often.This is due to the fact that their work is often associated with severe physical work.Men are also subjected to large loads during strength training in the gym.
Symptoms of lumbar osteochondrose
Pain is the main sign of the disease.Its character, localization and direction of distribution are determined by a receptor clamped in the spine.Usually patients complain about pain in pain, which are intensified with a change in the body, long absence of change in pose and sudden movements.With lumbar osteochondrose, it often gives it to your leg, Sacrum or groin.In a horizontal position, the pain combines.
Other possible symptoms of lumbar osteochondrose:
- A feeling of tension in the lower back resulting from bending and extensions.It causes it to move the root of the spinal cord.
- A sense of weakness in your legs.Maybe the extinction of a reflection is a tendon in them.This is due to compressing nerve fibers that spend signals from the brain to the lower limbs.
- The curvature of the lumbar spinal column on the side (scoliosis) or forward (Lordoza), smoothing his natural bends (kyphosis).
- Involuntary urination and defecation (if the vertebra cognac is tight).For the same reason, assembly can be damaged in men.
- Cooling the lower back.The buttocks can also become cold.This happens with lumbosacral osteochondrose, symptoms and treatments are similar to pathology, localized only in the lower back.
- Breaches of sensitivity in the area of damage.I can last from a few minutes to a few hours.Sensitivity can increase, reduce or disappear.Perhaps the development of paresthesia - a feeling of tingling and crawling goosebumps.
Osteochondrosis of lumbar spine, symptoms and treatment of which we will analyze in this article, the disease is implied.Begins with uneasiness and gentle pain.But they are ignored because they turn fast after vacation.Over the years, pathology progresses, its signs have been reinforced.And only when the pain becomes unbearable, patients seek medical attention.
Degree of lumbar osteochondrose
Lumbar osteochondrose development includes 4 phases:
- The first phase characterizes the displacement of the core of the intervertebral disk.It is completely weak to boring pain in the lower back, intensifying during movement.It is possible shortly tingling in the back and buttocks.
- In the second phase, the fibrous ring of the intervertebral disk is destroyed, which leads to the approximation of the vertebral.They print nerve endings, causing strong pain as you walk.It can be expanded to buttocks, thigh and lower legs.If you bend back, the pain is inferior to delay, sometimes a feeling of cold.
- In the third phase, there is complete destruction of fibrous rings.Objects appear (Hernie) - protruding interverters in the spinal cord.The lumbar rankings are deformed.The pain is constantly felt, but at rest is weaker.
- In the last phase, osteophytes form, the spine tissue is destroyed.The pain is then placed, then worsens the renewed energy.Body movements become limited.
Early diagnosis of osteochondrose of the lumbar region, symptoms and treatment that are closely connected, are very important.Less pathology is manifested, it is more efficiently treated.Therefore, the doctor should visit when any incomprehensible back pain and lower back.
Possible complications
If there is no treatment for 1 and 2 degrees of lumbar osteochondrose development, intervertebral hernia is formed.This indicates the transition of diseases in late phases and threatens the development of complications such as:
- nerve inflammation;
- arthrosis (destruction) of interface hinges;
- Destruction of the fibrous ring of intervertebral disks;
- narrowing of the intervertebral canal;
- Dysfunction of the spinal cord as a result of compression;
- Horses syndrome;
- SCHMORL HERNIA;
- the chromosity and rigidity of the motion.
The properly selected treatment will help prevent the formation of Killes with lumbar osteochondrose and other complications.It is prescribed after the patient's diagnostic study.Otherwise, the disease will continue to advance, which can lead to disability development.
Diagnostic methods
With the pain in the lower back, you should turn to a neurologist.They will listen to complaints, examine and feel your back, ask about existing diseases.In addition, the doctor may prescribe:
- X -Ray.Image X -Ray from the spinal column will help assess the condition of intervertebral discs and spinal cords.In the absence of visible changes, the lumbar osteochondrose of the first degree is diagnosed.
- Computer Tomography (CT).Assign if X -Ray is displayed changes in lumbar spine.With your help, you can estimate the degree of damage to disks, nerve endings and shells of spinal cord.
- Magnetic resonance tomography (MRI).It is an alternative to CT, which can be prescribed in the presence of contraindications on the X -Ray Studio.Suitable for pregnant women and breastfeeding women.
Sometimes calculates and magnetic resonance imaging is spent with intravenous contrast application.This is the name of a substance that expires fabrics from the inside.With it you can get pictures of your spine of maximum quality.CT and MRIs with contrast are excluded tumors with symptoms of non-rentalistic for lumbar osteochondrosis and treatment in this case is delayed at the final diagnosis.
Treatment of lumbar osteochondrose and its species
The doctor prescribes treatment taking into account the phase of pathology development.It is designed to remove pain, stop inflammatory processes, renew metabolism and blood circulation in the area of lesion.With the osteochondrose of the lumbar department, treatment also includes the adoption of the complex of measures aimed at strengthening the lower back, legs and buttocks.
Most methods of treatment are conservative.These include drug therapy, physiotherapy procedures and exercise physiotherapy, folk remedies.During the transition to 3 degrees, the treatment of osteochondrosis of the lurbosacral spine with conservative methods does not always lead to the desired result.In this case, the patient's state can facilitate operation.
Medicine treatment
Therapy medications is in force on 1 and 2 phases of pathology.But it is important to remember that the choice of drugs is determined by symptoms caused by lumbar osteochondrose, and treatment is strictly prescribed by drugs.You can't just come to the pharmacy and ask a drug for osteochondrose.Even if you are selling, the treatment will not be effective.
The patient can be displayed following drug groups:
- Analgesics.They help to get rid of the intense care of the osteochondrose of Lumar.Locally (fats, gels) can be used, take within (tablets) or applied intramuscularly using syringe (solution).
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.They have a triple action: reduce the temperature, relieve pain, reduce inflammation.They are prescribed if, with lumbar osteochondrose, the lower back hurts, or is a nerve irritant.To mitigate pain, gels locally use, to combat inflammation, take pills or injections.
- Musorelaxans.This is the name of medications that relieve painful muscle cramps.They are taken orally in the form of tablets or apply intramuscularly in the form of a solution.
- Chondroprotectors.Ensure efficient treatment of lumbar osteochondrone with drugs in the early stages, provided that its full course has passed.This group of medications stops the destruction of intervertebral disks and restores them.
In order to return intraosic metabolism, the patient is further prescribed vitamins and vitamin mineral complexes.The doctor can also recommend compliance with the diet.Its goal is not just a reduction in body weight, but also enriching the body with proteins, natural vitamins and minerals.
Physiotherapy
With osteochondrose of the lumbar spine, medication treatment is not enough.It should also contain physiotherapy methods.They relieve pain, relax muscles and return local metabolism.Often patients are prescribed by the following procedures:
- Laser therapy (spine exposure with laser);
- Magnetic resonance therapy (exposure to the magnetic field);
- DARSONVALIZATION (exposure to the area of damage to high-endless pulse currents);
- Phonoporesis (application of healing solutions in deep skin layers using ultrasound).
Manual therapy also has high efficiency.The last massage with lumbar osteohondrosis is prescribed after pain.Relaxes the muscles, speeds blood circulation, and thus the tissue nutrition.It is useful to combine massage with a bath or sauna.But the heating procedures are only allowed in periods of disease remissions.
Medical physical education
Gymnastics for lumbar osteochondrose includes exercises aimed at strengthening the muscle corset.They also increase spine mobility and increase blood circulation in its tissues.This stops degenerative processes and improves the patient's condition.
The base complex of exercise therapy includes 5 exercises:
- Twisting.To strengthen the muscles of the abdomen.Lie on your back, bend your knees and cross your hands behind your head.Then inhale and exhale, raise the torso as if you want to touch Pubis.The lower back should be left pressed on the floor.
- Exercise "Cat".Relaxes the back of the back, the unloading of the spine.Stand on Karahk (on your knees, rest with your palms on the floor).Raise your head and bend your back in the way the cat works when he sees danger.Then lower your head and bend your back, because the cat works when he wakes up.
- The swivel lies.Strengthens the hair of the abdomen and hips muscles.Lie on your back, cross your hands behind your head, bend your knees and press them to each other.Without shutting down your legs, turn them right first, tap the floor with them, return to your original position and do the same with the left side.Torso should remain motionless.
- Builly Bridge.Strengthens the arms of the buttocks, prevents the curvature of the spine and smoothed their sights.Lie down on the floor, put your hands along the body, bend your legs in your knees.Lift the pelvis and stay in this position for 5 seconds.
- Exercise to stretch the lower back and legs.Sit on the floor, stretch your legs in front of you, shoulder your shoulder around the width.First, lean toward one leg, pull it with your hands with your leg, feel the muscles stretch.Hold on for 20-30 seconds.Now do the same with another foot.
You should start with a minimum number of repetition exercises, gradually bringing them to the maximum (3 driveway 10-20 times).They should be performed every day.This seizes more than 10-15 minutes, but it helps prevent the relapse of osteochondrose.
Attention!Gymnastics is contraindicated in acute lower back pain.
Traditional medicine
At home, the treatment of lumbar osteochondrose can be performed by folk medicines.It will not replace drug therapy, but will become a good accessory.In the table below, we give several most efficient recipes for traditional anti-pain medicine in lumbar.
Cook water in a pan so that strong steam comes out of it.Keep a pair of burdock leaves for 10 minutes.| Mean | Action | Cooking | Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adam root tincture | Heating, analgesic. | Set 200 g of roots on a fine grille, put in a jar and pour 0.5 liters of vodka.Put in a dark place and insist 5 days. | Rub tincto into the lower back, put a woolen belt on top or tie the warm scarf. |
| Squeeze out of the sheets for Burdock. | Anesthetic. | Cook water in a pan so that strong steam comes out of it.Keep a pair of burdock leaves for 10 minutes. | Apply the leaves to the place of localization of pain.Cover with a plastic wrap and wrap yourself.Hold for 1-2 hours. |
| Bathroom to fight | Heating, relaxation, analgesic. | Pour hot bath, put a few spruce or pine branches in the water.Add 10 drops of the essential oil of any coniferous tree (cedar, pine, arisha, spruce). | Been taken away for 10-15 minutes.Then wipe dry and wrap yourself. |
| Plant decoction | Vitamin, antinamal, normalization of metabolism. | Put 10 g sheets of leaves, hopping cones, timeal and barefish in the pan.Pour 500 ml of water, put on the stove and bring boil.Turn off the fire.Cover the lid and let the beer 1 hour.Strain. | Take 1/4 Art.After eating three times a day.The course of treatment is 1 month.The maximum duration is 6 months. |
| Lidokain grease | Anesthetic. | Top and cooling 200 g Smalz, add 75 g bee wax, 30 g of the roots of alteamsic chopped to the state of powder.Pour 1 Lidocaine Ampoula in the mixture, mix everything as smoothly. | Rub in painful spots as needed.Keep not longer than 6-7 weeks. |
Attention!The possibility of using non-traditional medicine recipes depends on what lumbar osteochondrose, the symptoms are, and treatment at home should be strictly controlled by a doctor.
Surgical treatment of lumbar osteochondrose
Surgical intervention is a radical method.Therefore, they resorted to him only to develop complications or in the case when conservative methods did not give the necessary result.Usually the disease until then reaches 3 or 4 stages of development.
With lumbosacral osteochondrose, treatment operating method usually implies discoctomy removal - removal of the destroyed interverter disc.Less removed the whole vertebra, squeezing nerve fibers.Instead of disks and vertebrae, artificial prostheses or fragments obtained from the rowing of the patient are inserted in the spine.In order to prevent the relocation of the vertebrae and the progression of the disease, they are immobilized.This is a vertebral pillar reinforced with metal plates and screws.
The operation is performed under local anesthesia through the section 3-5 cm long.To gain access to spine, fabrics push a special tool.From the introduction of anesthesia to a colorful wound passes from 1.5 to 2 hours.
Attention!Modern technologies allow you to perform operations using endoscopes - a long and flexible tool, inward around the cut about 1 cm long.
Prevention of lumbar osteochondrose
Preventive measures should be taken to maintain the health and bone system.They will reduce the risk of osteochondrose.And if pathological changes in the spine have already begun, it will help prevent their further development.
Preventive tips:
- If you have a sitting work, place a roller or a special orthopedic pillow below the lower back.
- Dress the time and do not allow the back of the back and lower back.
- Do gymnastics, running or other simple sport.
- You feel discomfort or pain in your lower back, look for a doctor immediately.
- Refuse bad habits and eat properly.
- Sit on hard chairs with your back.Furniture does not support body body so that the spine must take over the entire load.
- The perfect chair height is equal to the length of your lower leg.Then, when you sit, your legs will rest on the floor.If the growth is small, you can put stands below your leg.
- The ideal seat depth is 2/3 of the hip length.You can do less, but no more.
- Under the work surface of the leg should be spacious.
- Sit down so that the back rests on the back of the chair.
- When you sit down, don't tilt your head or body - keep them straight.
- To avoid leaning your head when reading, use a chepter.
- After many hours of driving, make a series of gymnastic exercises.
- Change the pose every 10-15 minutes, relying on one first and then on another leg.
- If you can move in place, do it.
- Complete a few inclinations every hour back with your hands.During the tendency to take a deep breath.This exercise relaxes back and belt as well as the back of the head and neck.
- If you are doing standing (ironing, cooking), put the bench under one leg.Its height should be equal to one stage.
- Not to bend during cleaning home, extend the hose vacuum cleaner, placing an additional pipe.And to wash the floors, use a mop.You can wash the floors, smoking on your knees, but without reinning from the standing position.
- Sleep on a hard orthopedic mattress.
- Instead of a mattress, a thick solid shield (plywood) covered with foam rubber with thickness of up to 8 cm.Lay with woolen blankets and leaf on top.
- If your legs are injured, place the towel folded in the roller below your knees.
- If you like to sleep on your stomach, put a thin pillow underneath.
- If you like to sleep on your side, put one leg on the other and hands under your head.
- Distribute the load on both hands evenly.Frequent wearing in the same hand leads to the curvature of the spine.
- If you have already diagnosed osteochondrose, do not wear items that strive more than 15 kg.To move them, it is better to use a bag with wheels or carts.
- If you need to pick up and convey a heavy item, first squat, holding your back straight.Then pick up weight, lift to your feet and carry it, press him to the stomach.To lower a heavy object, you must also store.
- Eat 3-4 times a day.
- Enrich a diet with protein: fish, low -fat meat, legumes, cottage.
- Limit the consumption of sweets, baking, fatty foods.
- Include more vegetables and fruits in the diet.
- Consume products rich in calcium and phosphorus (cheese, dairy products, fish).
- Do not prejite - excess calories are deposited in the form of fat, leading to the formation of excess weight.